Advancements in Medical Robotics for Minimally Invasive Surgery

Abstract

Advancements in medical robotics have significantly transformed minimally invasive surgery (MIS), offering enhanced precision, reduced recovery times, and improved patient outcomes. This review explores the latest developments in robotic-assisted surgical systems, highlighting key innovations and their clinical implications. Robotic platforms such as the da Vinci Surgical System have become integral to various surgical procedures, providing surgeons with enhanced dexterity and visualization. Recent innovations include robotic systems with haptic feedback, which improve tactile perception, and autonomous robotic systems, which aim to perform complex tasks with minimal human intervention. Additionally, advancements in machine learning and artificial intelligence are driving the development of predictive analytics and decision-support tools that further refine surgical planning and execution. Studies have demonstrated that robotic-assisted MIS results in smaller incisions, less postoperative pain, and shorter hospital stays compared to traditional open surgery. Despite the substantial benefits, challenges such as high costs, the need for specialized training, and regulatory hurdles remain. Future directions involve the integration of augmented reality and virtual reality to enhance surgical training and intraoperative navigation. This review underscores the transformative potential of medical robotics in MIS and the need for continued research and collaboration to overcome existing challenges and enhance surgical care.