Understanding the Role of Soil Microorganisms in Preserving Soil Ecology and Bioremediation

Abstract

Understanding the complexity and diversity of soil microbiota and its relationships with plants and
crops in the field is critical for sustainability in agriculture. It is also important to unravel the
biological and chemical pathways of interdependencies between the plant and soil microbiota,
while studying the functional mechanisms of interrelationships and their role in preserving the
environmental footprint. In this review, we understand how bacteria and fungi play a role in plant
health, plant growth, and plant development, while providing mechanism to decompose organic
matter and extract the nutrients. We discuss the mechanism of symbiotic relationships between
microorganism and plant systems while describing the natural ways of plant resistance to
pathogens, which will allow us to investigate non-chemical ways of pathogen removal and
discourage the use of pesticides and fungicides on the field. We will also discuss the factors
promoting plant health, nutrient reabsorption, and protecting vegetation health while avoiding the
negative effects of pathogens on the host plants and crops. This review will help us understand the
value of diversity in plant systems and soil microbiota and help us find natural ways to increase
agricultural productivity while protecting our harvests from pathogens.