A Review of Third-Generation Solar Cells

Abstract

This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of third-generation
solar cells, focusing particularly on the advancements and challenges associated with
perovskite solar cell technology. We delve into the superior electronic properties of
perovskite materials, their unique features, and the remarkable progress in device
architecture, fabrication methods, and interface engineering that has driven efficiency
improvements. The paper discusses the potential of perovskite solar cells to disrupt the solar
energy market, highlighting their ability to surpass traditional silicon-based solar cells in
efficiency. Furthermore, we examine the ongoing efforts to address critical challenges such as
hysteresis, long-term operational stability, environmental impact, and scalability. This review
synthesizes the latest research to provide a thorough understanding of the promises and
hurdles facing the future of perovskite photovoltaics.